As new findings spark further discoveries and changing dynamics demand additional exploration, the spiral of biomedical research expands and builds upon itself.The renewal of human and physical resources is critical to the continuation of this growth.NIH has supported the training of hundreds of thousands of scientists, many of whom have gone on to become leaders, fueling a great many advances in the understanding and treatment of disease.Through grants, scholarships and public funding, NIH has laid the groundwork to ensure both physical and human resources are available now and well into the future.